- Abuse – shatters trust in adults as safe figures
- Neglect - undermines trust in adults’ ability to provide care
- Attachment trauma - fragments the perception of relationships as safe havens
- Exposure to violence - erases the concept of safe spaces
- Medical trauma - disrupts the sense of safety within one’s own body
- Anxiety- dysregulated nervous system
- Depression - biological imbalances
- ADHD - delayed executive functioning skills
- ODD - distrust of adults leading to defiance
- Impact of complex developmental trauma
- Emotions - dysregulation and tantrums
- Neural pathways – wired for mistrust, hypervigilance
- Behaviors - control and impulsivity
- Body - stress hormones
- Development - upstairs and downstairs brain
- What we learned from the ACES Study
- Correlation to poverty, substance abuse, criminality
- Establish safety with adults
- Grow emotion regulation
- Increase self/biological regulation
- Assess development and select effective cognitive interventions
- Limitations and potential risks
Help a Child Feel Safe to Leave their Survival Brain
- Be a Safe Adult
- Model emotion regulation
- Button pushing behaviors
- Develop felt safety
- Build healthy attachment
- Establish trust-based relationships
- The Importance of Meeting Emotional Needs
- Decrease manipulation
- Reduce attention seeking behaviors
- Recognize the need behind the behavior
- Cognitive interventions to support executive functions
- Caregiver collaboration to enhance development
- Brain-based tantrum intervention
- Biological rebalance for stress hormones
- Interventions for Fight and Flight
- Cognitive interventions
- Mindfulness techniques
- Support a helpful inner voice
- Soothe the nervous system
- Body-based Interventions
- Breathing interventions
- Movement to find balance
- Nutrition and hydration
- Sensory Interventions
- Grounding techniques
- Sensory calming stations
- Soothing sensory input
- Cognitive interventions